Sản phẩm - Heli - เมสเซอร์ ประเทศไทย

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Helium

Chemical Symbol:

Occurrence:

Mass fraction in the Earth’s atmosphere is 5.25 ppm, second most common element in the universe, most of the Earth’s supply in natural gas, but also in crude oil, volcanic rock and the Earth’s atmosphere

Boiling point:

-269 °C

Freezing point:

-272.2 °C

Chemical properties:

Colorless, odorless, non-toxic noble gas with a neutral taste, the only substance that does not solidify under standard atmospheric pressure even at absolute zero (- 273.15 °C)

Extraction:

Mainly from natural gas

Liquid helium is used wherever extremely low temperatures (below –200°C) are required and conventional cooling systems become too costly or ineffective. Helium cooling is essential for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) systems. In cutting and welding technologies, helium gas plays a crucial role in various processes. It is also in demand in the electronics industry and glass manufacturing. Helium-filled balloons rise into the sky for research purposes, among others. Helium is also used in airbag systems and for leak detection. Additionally, deep-sea divers rely on breathing gas mixtures containing helium to safely reach great depths.

Helium has the second-lowest molecular weight of all gases, after hydrogen. It is also completely inert — meaning it does not form chemical compounds, even at high temperatures. Liquid helium has the lowest boiling point of any gas (–269°C), making it the coldest liquid known. Thanks to its extremely small atomic diameter, helium can penetrate even the tiniest holes and gaps.

Helium was discovered in 1868 by French astronomer Jules Janssen during a total solar eclipse. He observed pale yellow spectral lines in the Sun’s light, indicating the presence of an unknown element. That same year, British scientist Norman Lockyer confirmed Janssen’s observations. Together with his colleague Edward Frankland, Lockyer proposed the name “helium,” meaning roughly “sun metal.” It wasn’t until 1882 that helium was first detected on Earth, when Italian scientist Luigi Palmieri identified it through spectral analysis of gases emitted by a volcanic rock.

At the beginning of the 20th century, large amounts of helium were discovered in natural gas fields in the United States. Thanks to their natural gas reserves, countries like Canada, Poland, Russia — and later Algeria and Qatar — all became key international suppliers of helium. In 2016, a massive new helium source was discovered in Tanzania. However, growing global demand has repeatedly raised concerns among experts about potential helium shortages. Then as now, solutions include helium recovery plants and more sustainable practices for managing this rare gas.